40.The foundation (bottom 2 levels) of the Food Guide Pyramid includes: Grains and Vegetables

Phytonutrients - A fruit or vegetable compound that blocks the formation of cancerous tumors

A substance damaged by metabolism that can lead to disease. 

Calories - Used to measure the energy value of food and energy expenditure of physical activity. 

The storage form of glucose in plants is: starch

Glycogen is: the animal polysaccharide synthesized from glucose and is found in tiny amounts in meats

__ consumption reduces abnormal heart rhythms and blood clotting.

Minerals are not components of:

The National Academy of Sciences states that _50_ percent of the calories should come from carbohydrates in a well-balanced diet.

The National Academy of Sciences states that _30_ percent of the calories should come from fats in a well-balanced diet.

Nuts: High in protein, 

Soy products are considered healthy because they contain:

Deactivate the process of cell division. Suppressor genes

Formation of capillaries. Angiogenesis

Genetic material that guides the formation of cell proteins. RNA (Ribonucleic Acid)

Oncogenes - Initiate cell division. 

Telomeres - A strand of molecules at both ends of a chromosome. 

1. Cancer results from: uncontrollable and abnormal cell growth

2. Carcinoma in situ is a critical turning point for cancer because it is when: a tumor reaches a million cells

3. The major contributor to the increased incidence of cancer during the last five decades is the increase in _____ cancer.

4. Cancer is the _2nd leading_ cause of death in the United States.

7. An estimated 1 of every _2_ men and 1 of every _3_ women in the United States will develop cancer.

6. Tobacco use is responsible for an estimated _____ percent of lung cancer and accounts for more that ________ percent of all cancer deaths.

11. Consuming green tea has not been linked to lower stomachcancer.

18. Lungcancer is number one in mortality for women (by type of cancer).

19. Cancer early detection recommendations include: periodic screening

25. The risk for breast cancer is lower in women who:

_____  A brain structure that activates the nervous system in response to stress. 

_____  A common symptom of stress. 

Type C Highly stressed personality but not at high risk for disease. 

Endorphins Morphine-like substances released from the brain during stress. 

Homeostasis The natural state of equilibrium that the body attempts to maintain. 

2. When stress levels reach mental, emotional, and physiological limits: Distress

8. The instrument in your textbook used to assess sources of stress in life is called the: Life Experiences Survey

10. Being laid-back and easy-going are descriptors of Type _B_ individuals.

11. Commitment, confidence, and control are descriptors of Type _C_ individuals.

12. Chronically angry people experience threefold greater risk for CHD and are at 7 times greater risk for a fatal  heart attack before the age of 50.

13. Greater risk for disease has been found for Type _A_ individuals.

14. Anger has not been found to increase:

20. During progressive muscle relaxation, muscles should be tightened about _70_ percent maximally.

21. Progressive muscle relaxation should be done:

1.   True   F    Stress can improve health, performance, and well-being.)

2.   True   F    An individual can have too little stress. 

3.   T   F    Usually, the reaction to a stressor makes a person ill, not the stressor itself. 

4.   T   F    Angry people have ten times higher risk for coronary heart disease than “normal” people. 

5.   T   False   The benefits of physical activity in reducing responses to stress are not well known.

6.   True   F    People who lose control of their lives are more likely to have heart attacks than hard-driving people who enjoy their work.

1.   True   F   A cancer is thought to result from a DNA mutation. 

2.   T   False    Oncogenes produce telomerase. 

3.   True   F    Most adults have precancerous or cancerous cells in their bodies. 

4.   True   F    Angiogenesis begins the process of metastasis. 

5.   True  F    As much as 80 percent of the risk for cancer is lifestyle or environmental. 

41.   T   False    Flexibility is usually greater in those with more body fat. 

42.   True   F    The most common cause of back pain is inactivity. 

43.   True   F    The intensity of a flexibility stretch should be only to the point of mild discomfort. 

44.   True   F    Faulty nutrition has been associated with cancer.   

45.   True   F    On the average, a gram of carbohydrate supplies 4 Calories.  

46.   True   F    Excess sugar in the diet can be converted to adipose tissue.  

47.   True   F    Fiber consumption decreases the risk for cardiovascular disease. 

48.   True   F      Calorie is a measure of the energy value of food and energy expenditure of physical activity. 

49.   T   F    The National Academy of Sciences states that 45-65   % of the calories should come from carbohydrates 

50.   True   F    In order to lose a pound of body weight per week, 3500 calories should be removed from a combination diet restriction and exercise. 

51.   T   F   Besides the water content of foods, every person needs between 4 and 6 glasses of fluids each day. 

51.  The inner lining or cells of the blood vessel benefits from aerobic exercise.  The inner lining is called? Endothelium

52.The 50 to 60 % cardiovascular training zone for a 60 year-old male with a resting heart rate of 60 BPM is between

53. The formula to determine Body Mass Index is ? Body Weight (pounds) x 705 divide by height squared (inches)

54.  How many calories are in one gram of fat? 9 calories

55.  If you desire to lose one pound of body weight per week, it is best to balance calories used through exercise with calories eliminated through diets.  How many calories should be eliminated through diet per week?